| In the section | Review, Discussion, Criticism |
| Title of the article | Vietnam and Russia: Mutual Economic Cooperation in Changing Geopolitical and Geo-Economic Conditions |
| Pages | 181-200 |
| Author |
Leonid Borisovich Vardomskiy Doctor of Economics, Professor, Chief Researcher Institute of Economics of the RAS 32 Nakhimovskiy Pr., Moscow, 117218, Russian Federation This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. ORCID: 0000-0002-9508-5945 |
| Abstract | The issues of mutual economic relations between Vietnam and Russia (SRV) in the context of global transformations are studied. In Soviet times, it was based on technical and financial assistance to the USSR, which was determined by ideological proximity and geopolitical interests. Market transit and the orientation of the new Russia to the West sharply reduced the volume of economic interaction. In the 2000s, during the recovery growth and the transition to a multi-vector foreign policy, mutual trade relations began to grow, but they were much slower in terms of trade with regional partners. In the last decade, the role of geopolitics has increased again, and, above all, the peculiarities of relations between both countries with China and the United States. Over the years of cooperation between the SRV and the Russian Federation, an extensive system of relations at the political level has been built. But this does not create a sufficient incentive for the development of economic relations. At the level of business structures directly involved in their construction, the influence of global geopolitical processes and geo-economic conditions is felt more strongly. The situation for mutual economic ties has deteriorated greatly in the face of harsh Western sanctions. The study showed that geo-economic conditions of cooperation can be improved by developing institutions that mutually promote commercial proposals to each other’s markets and create business models for their implementation |
| Code | 339.9+338.1 |
| JEL | F15, F51, F55, O24, O57 |
| DOI | https://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2022.4.181-200 |
| Keywords | Vietnam ♦ USSR ♦ Russia ♦ economic relations ♦ institutions ♦ regionalization ♦ geo-economics ♦ geopolitics ♦ China ♦ USA ♦ sanctions |
| Download | |
| For citation | Vardomskiy L.B. Vietnam and Russia: Mutual Economic Cooperation in Changing Geopolitical and Geo-Economic Conditions. Prostranstvennaya Ekonomika = Spatial Economics, 2022, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 181–200. https://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2022.4.181-200 (In Russian) |
| References | 1. Aliferova E. Gas and Renewable Energy. Russia and Vietnam have Signed a Number of Important Agreements. Neftegaz.RU [Oil and Gas.ru], 2021, 2 December. Available at: (accessed August 2022). (In Russian). 2. Anosova L.A, Tregubenko M.E., Lezhenina T.V., Nguyen Q.H. Cooperation between Russia and Vietnam in the Conditions of Global Instability, New Threats and Challenges of the XXI Century. Institute of Economics of RAS. Moscow, 2017, 136 p. (In Russian). 3. Cooperation between Russia and Vietnam in the Oil and Gas Sector. Central Dispatch Department of the Fuel and Energy Complex, 2021. Available at: (accessed August 2022). (In Russian). 4. East and Southeast Asia – 2011: Domestic and Foreign Policy, Inter-Country Conflicts. Moscow: Institute of Economics of RAS, 2012, 208 p. (In Russian). 5. Foreign Economic Relations of Russia: Modern Challenges and Possible Answers. Edited by V.P. Obolenskiy. Moscow: Institute of Economics of RAS, 2016, 296 p. (In Russian). 6. Grib N.S., Rogaleva N.D., Ruban L.S. Russian-Vietnamese Energy Cooperation. Russian-Vietnamese Relations in the Modern World. Edited by L.B. Vardomskiy, I.A. Korgun. Moscow: Institute of Economics of RAS, 2021, pp. 73–83. (In Russian). 7. Karapetyan К.S. Cooperation between Russia and Vietnam in Oil and Gaz Industry. Vestnik RUDN. Seriya: Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya = Vestnik RUDN. International Relations, 2012, no. 2, pp. 45–50. (In Russian). 8. Kheyfets B.A. External Debt Assets of Russia. Moscow, 2001, 206 p. (In Russian). 9. Kheyfets B.A. The Policy of ‘Open Doors’ and Economic Integration is Vietnam’s Response to the Challenges of the Global Economy of the 21st Century. Obshchestvo i Ekonomika = Society and Economics, 2017, no. 12, pp. 92–103. (In Russian). 10. Khramova M.N., Morozov V.M. Potential of Vietnam Migration for the Socio-Economic Development of the Russian Far East Regions. Nauka. Kultura. Obshchestvo = Science. Culture. Society, 2018, no. 4, pp. 38–46. (In Russian). 11. Kortunov A.B. The Splendours and Miseries of Geopolitics. Russian International Affairs Council, 2015. Available at: (accessed August 2022). (In Russian). 12. Lavrov S.V. Russia and Vietnam: Friendship that has Passed through Decades. Mezhdunarodnaya Zhizn = International Affairs, 2020, no. 1, pp. 1–7. (In Russian). 13. Lokshin G.M. Cooperation with Vietnam is Part of Russia’s ‘Turn to the East’. Nezavisimaya Gazeta [Independent Newspaper], 2021, 29 November. Available at: (accessed August 2022). (In Russian). 14. Mazyrin V.M. Economic Patterns and Performance of Indochina Nations. Mezhdunarodnye Protcessy = International Trends, 2017, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 31–45. (In Russian). 15. Mazyrin V.M. On the Prospects of Cooperation between Russia and Vietnam. Vostok Rossii = East Russia, 2019, 19 March. Available at: (accessed August 2022). (In Russian). 16. Mazyrin V.M. On the State of the Russian-Vietnamese Strategic Partnership. Vietnamskie Issledovaniya [Vietnamese Studies], 2021, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 148–161. (In Russian). 17. Neklessa А.I. Foreign States’ Geographic Position and Economic Situation in Russia. Sovremennaya Konkurentsiya = Journal of Modern Competition, 2008, no. 6 (12), pp. 15–31. (In Russian). 18. Nguyen Q.H. On the Free Trade Zone between Vietnam and the European Union. Ekonomika i Upravlenie = Economics and Management, 2020, no. 4, pp. 373–379. (In Russian). 19. Pylin A.G. A New Stage of Cooperation between Russia and Vietnam in the Conditions of the Free Trade Zone ‘EAEU – SRV’. Russian-Vietnamese Relations in the Modern World. Edited by L.B. Vardomskiy, I.A. Korgun. Moscow: Institute of Economics of RAS, 2021, pp. 61–72. (In Russian). 20. Russia and Post-Soviet Countries: Issues of Economic Relations. Edited by A.G. Pylin. Moscow: Institute of Economics of RAS, 2021, 232 p. (In Russian). 21. Russia in the International Capital Movement in 2018 – Beginning of 2019. Edited A.S. Bulatov. Moscow, 2019, 59 p. (In Russian). 22. Russian-Vietnamese Relations in the Modern World. Edited by L.B. Vardomskiy, I.A. Korgun. Moscow: Institute of Economics of RAS, 2021, 147 p. (In Russian). 23. Russian-Vietnamese Relations Today: The Sphere of Coincidence of Interests. Edited by E.V. Kobelev. Moscow: Institute of Far Eastern Studies of RAS, 2020, 376 p. (In Russian). 24. Top Vietnamese Investments in Russia. Russian-Asian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, 2020. Available at: (accessed July 2022). (In Russian). 25. Trigubenko M.Е. Development of Vietnamese Foreign Trade in the New Architectonics of Global Economic Relations in the 21st Century. Ekonomika i Upravlenie = Economics and Ma-nagement, 2016, no. 5 (127), pp. 14–20. (In Russian). 26. Trigubenko M.Е. Military Assistance to the USSR and Russia during Vietnam’s Struggle for National Independence. Military-Technological Cooperation between Russia and Vietnam Today. Cooperation between Russia and Vietnam in the conditions of Global Instability, New Threats and Challenges of the XXI Century. Institute of Economics of RAS. Moscow, 2017, pp. 4–8. (In Russian). 27. Tsvetov A., Kashin V., Korolev A., Pyatachkova A. Russia and Vietnam in the New Asia. Valdai International Discussion Club, 2019. Available at: (accessed August 2022). (In Russian). 28. Vardomskiy L.B. Russia-Vietnam Regional Trade Agreements: Features of Relationship-Building and Trade Effects. Rossiyskiy Vneshneekonomicheskiy Vestnik = Russian Foreign Economic Journal, 2021, no. 8, pp. 7–20. (In Russian). 29. Vershinina V. Russia and Vietnam: In Search of New Points of Intersection. Russian International Affairs Council. 2022, 13 July. Available at: (accessed September 2022). (In Russian). |
| Financing | The article was prepared with the support of the RFBR project ‘Building up Russian-Vietnamese investment cooperation within the framework of Vietnam’s economic cooperation with the EAEU countries’ (21-510-92006 VAON a) |
| Submitted | 29.08.2022 |
| Approved after reviewing | 04.10.2022 |
| Accepted for publication | 12.11.2022 |
| Available online | 26.12.2022 |